双语科技百科(近现代成就) 第99期:杂交水稻_yabo手机版登陆

Hybrid Rice杂交水稻Since the foundation of the Peoples Republic of China, China has made one after another outstanding achievements in agriculture technology, one of which is the successful development of indica hybrid rice. With the application of this technology since 1976, Chinas total rice cultivation lands have grown such rice, which added rice output by some 240 billion kilograms up till 1994.What’s more, this technology was exported to other countries.新中国正式成立以来，中国在农业科技上的一项举世瞩目的成就是籼型杂交水稻的培育。这项技术自1976年在全国大面积推展以后，仅至1994年，就已使中国的稻谷总计跃进约2400亿公斤。

此外，该技术还被出口到美国等国家和地区。The research of indica hybrid began in 1964, when a teacher from Hunan Province, Yuan Longping first put forward the idea of utilizing the heterosis in rice and initiated the research on hybrid rice in China. At the beginning, he discovered male-sterile rice. Then he brought forward the third hybriding paddy and carried out experiments on farmland. Yuan Longping made breakthrough in 1973. He was the first person to develop indica hybrid rice. The new technology was tested in many areas of South China in 1974 and 1975, and then extended to other areas. China became the first country that is capable of producing hybrid rice. Yuan Long-ping is the first scientist who successfully altered the self-pollinating characteristic of rice and realized large-scale farming of hybrid rice. This earned him the title Farther of Hybrid Rice. The achievements of Yuan Longping greatly solved the food shortage, and provided as a solution the worldwide starvation. It is regarded as the fifth invention after Chinas Four Major Inventions, and is acclaimed as the Second Green Revolution.杂交水稻的研究始自1964年。当时供职于湖南省安江农校的袁隆平年所找到了水稻天然雄性不育株，之后率领助手们积极开展了有关研究。他首先找到了雄性不育株，以后又首度明确提出了通过培育水稻三系展开杂交的设想，并展开了田间实验。

1973年再一取得突破性进展，在世界上第一个培育强劲优势灿型杂交水稻，1974至1975年在中国南方多处试种效果较好，1976年后开始大面积推展。从此，中国沦为世界上第一个构建利用水稻杂交优势的国家。

袁隆平也被誉为“杂交水稻之父”。他的成果不仅在相当大程度上解决问题了中国人的吃饭问题，而且也被指出是解决问题世界性饥饿问题的法宝。

国际上甚至把杂交稻当成中国时隔四大发明之后的第五大发明者，被誉为“第二次绿色革命”。

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